Mood Emot 2023 Mar; 21(1): 8-17   https://doi.org/10.35986/me.2023.21.1.8
Relationship Between Subjective Body Shape Perception and Depression Screening Tool PHQ-9 in the Geriatric Population: The Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey
Woo Seok Cheon, MD1 , Gyung-Mee Kim, MD, PhD1 , Taekjoong Kim, MD, PhD2,3 , Jung Goo Lee, MD, PhD1,4,5 , Ok-Jin Jang, MD, PhD1
1Department of Psychiatry, Haeundae Paik Hospital, Inje University College of Medicine, 2Department of Humanities and Social Sciences in Medicine, Inje University College of Medicine, 3The Iinstitute for Medical Humanities, Inje University College of Medicine, 4Paik Institute for Clinical Research, Inje University, 5Department of Health Science and Technology, Graduate School, Inje University, Busan, Korea
Correspondence to: Ok-Jin Jang, MD, PhD
Department of Psychiatry, Haeundae Paik Hospital, Inje University College of Medicine, 875 Haeun-daero, Haeundae-gu, Busan 48108, Korea
TEL +82-51-797-3305 FAX +82-51-797-0298 E-mail applegm@hanmail.net ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6272-7825
Received: March 8, 2023; Accepted: March 16, 2023; Published online: March 31, 2023.
© Korean Society for Affective Disorders. All rights reserved.

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Abstract
Background: The goal of this study was to confirm the relationship between subjective body shape perception and the depression screening tool Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) in the geriatric population.
Methods: A total of 1,251 subjects were analyzed among adults aged 65 or older who performed the 2020 Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. The subjective body shape perception was divided into three groups (thin, normal, and obese). Depression screening tool PHQ-9 10 points were employed as a cut-off value. The association between subjective body shape perception and the risk of depression based on the PHQ-9 was first verified by a chi-square test, and then logistic regression analysis was performed along with items expected to influence the relationship.
Results: There was a considerable difference between the depression risk and the normal groups in subjective body shape perception, which was classified as thin, normal, and obese. In the final model, the group who thought they were thin had an increased risk of depression compared with the normal group. Dyslipidemia, being female, and not owning a home have all been demonstrated to greatly raise the risk of depression.
Conclusion: We verified that subjective body shape was related to the risk of depression through the PHQ-9.
Keywords: Depression; Patient Health Questionnaire-9; Subjective body shape perception; Geriatric population

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